Phlebitis associated with peripheral intravenous catheters in children: study of predisposing factors

Abstract

To identify risk factors for phlebitis related to peripheral intravenous catheters (PIC) in children. Methods: A retrospective cohort study conducted in 338 children submitted to intravenous. The variables related to the children and intravenous therapy were investigated, after approval of the ethical merit. Results: From 338 children, nine (2.7%) developed phlebitis. None of the demographic characteristics influenced significantly the development of phlebitis. Regarding to the therapy, there were significant: the use of the PIC for more than five days (p = 0.001), intermittent maintenance (p = 0.001) and greater time permanence of the PIC (p = 0.006). The risk factors were: the presence of predisposing conditions to puncture failure (p = 0.041, OR = 4.645), history of complications (p < 0.001, OR = 40.666); administration of drugs or solutions with extreme pH and osmolarity (p = 0.004, OR = 7.700). Conclusion: The occurrence of the phlebitis did not showed association with demographic characteristics and therapy aspects that represent risk factors, were predisposing conditions for puncture failure, previous complications, drugs administration and solutions with pH extremes and osmolarity